General practice & prim · UKMLA & AKT
Cardiovascular disease prevention
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise cardiovascular disease prevention — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- NHS Health Check - all adults aged 40-74 without pre-existing CVD/diabetes/CKD, every 5 years; includes QRISK3, BP, BMI, cholesterol, blood glucose
- Smoking cessation - varenicline (most effective), NRT, or bupropion
- Diet - total fat ≤30% energy; saturated fat ≤10%; salt <5 g/day; ≥5 fruit/veg daily; 2 portions fish/week (≥1 oily); Mediterranean diet has supporting evidence
- Physical activity - ≥150 min moderate-intensity aerobic exercise/week or 75 min vigorous
- Weight management - target BMI 20-25 kg/m²; waist circumference targets:
- White European: men <102 cm, women <88 cm
- South Asian: men <90 cm, women <80 cm (lower thresholds - greater metabolic risk)
- Alcohol - no more than 14 units/week, spread over ≥3 days, with ≥2 alcohol-free days/week
Unlock the full Cardiovascular disease prevention revision
Get the complete high-yield notes (3 more sections covering investigations, management and complications), 10 practice questions, mock exams and AI tutoring. Start free.