Cancer · UKMLA & AKT
Gastric cancer
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise gastric cancer — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- H. pylori - WHO Group 1 carcinogen; most important modifiable cause; follows Correa cascade (chronic gastritis → atrophic gastritis → intestinal metaplasia → dysplasia → adenocarcinoma)
- Pernicious anaemia - 2-3 fold increased risk; B12 replacement corrects anaemia but does NOT reverse atrophic gastritis; persistent achlorhydria and parietal cell loss sustains malignant transformation risk
Pernicious anaemia = low B12 + macrocytic anaemia + angular cheilitis. Even with adequate B12 injections, the underlying atrophic gastritis persists - the gastric cancer risk remains.
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