Child health · UKMLA & AKT
Hand, foot and mouth disease
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) - most common cause in the UK; classic mild HFMD
- Coxsackievirus A6 (CA6) - atypical HFMD; larger bullae, more extensive rash, nail shedding (onychomadesis), more common in adults
- Enterovirus 71 (EV71) - less common in UK; associated with neurological complications (encephalitis, viral meningitis); epidemics in East/Southeast Asia
- Transmission: faecal-oral, droplet, or direct contact with vesicular fluid; incubation 3-6 days; faecal shedding continues weeks after recovery
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