Child health · UKMLA & AKT
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise attention deficit hyperactivity disorder — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- Affects ~5% of children; 2-5x more common in boys (girls underdiagnosed - more often inattentive subtype)
- Heritability ~70-80% - one of the most heritable psychiatric conditions
- ~50% continue to meet criteria in adulthood - inattention is the dominant persisting feature
- Pathophysiology: reduced dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity in prefrontal cortex → impaired executive function, inhibitory control, working memory
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