Cardiovascular · UKMLA & AKT
Heart failure
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- Heart failure (HF) - clinical syndrome where the heart cannot generate sufficient cardiac output to meet metabolic demands, or only does so at the cost of elevated filling pressures
- UK prevalence 1-2%; mean age at diagnosis 75 years; ~50% dead within 5 years (comparable to malignancy)
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