Infection · UKMLA & AKT
Helicobacter pylori
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- Gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral bacillus - survives gastric acid via urease (converts urea → ammonia + CO₂, locally neutralising pH)
- Present in ~95% of duodenal ulcers and 70-80% of gastric ulcers
- WHO Group 1 carcinogen - drives Correa cascade (chronic gastritis → atrophy → intestinal metaplasia → dysplasia → adenocarcinoma)
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