Child health · UKMLA & AKT
Hepatitis C
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise hepatitis c — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- Single-stranded RNA virus (Flaviviridae); 6 genotypes - genotype 1 most common in UK
- In children, principal route is vertical (perinatal) transmission - ~5% risk from HCV-viraemic mother; doubles if HIV co-infected
- 75-85% of infected individuals develop chronic infection; ~15-20% progress to cirrhosis over 20-30 years; HCC risk 1-4%/year in cirrhosis
- Liver injury is immune-mediated (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes), not direct viral cytopathic effect
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