Child health · UKMLA & AKT
Hepatitis C
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- Single-stranded RNA virus (Flaviviridae); 6 genotypes - genotype 1 most common in UK
- In children, principal route is vertical (perinatal) transmission - ~5% risk from HCV-viraemic mother; doubles if HIV co-infected
- 75-85% of infected individuals develop chronic infection; ~15-20% progress to cirrhosis over 20-30 years; HCC risk 1-4%/year in cirrhosis
- Liver injury is immune-mediated (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes), not direct viral cytopathic effect
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