Ear, nose & throat · UKMLA & AKT
Ménière's disease
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- Ménière's disease presents with a characteristic tetrad of symptoms, typically unilateral, following a relapsing-remitting course.
- Episodic vertigo - true rotational vertigo lasting 20 minutes to 12 hours (typically 2-3 hours); spontaneous, no positional trigger
- Fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss - low-to-medium frequency; worsens during attacks, becomes progressive over time
- Tinnitus - low-pitched, roaring or buzzing quality in the affected ear
- Aural fullness - sensation of pressure or blockage; often prodromal
- Nausea and vomiting - accompany acute attacks
- Weber's test lateralises to the unaffected (better-hearing) ear; Rinne's test positive bilaterally - consistent with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
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