Endocrine & metabolic · UKMLA & AKT
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- ALL THREE must be met (JBDS):
- Blood glucose >11 mmol/L OR known diabetes mellitus
- Ketonaemia ≥3 mmol/L OR significant ketonuria (2+ on urine dipstick)
- Venous pH <7.3 AND/OR bicarbonate <15 mmol/L
Severity graded by pH: mild 7.25-7.30, moderate 7.10-7.24, severe <7.10. In euglycaemic DKA (e.g. SGLT-2 inhibitor-associated), glucose may be near-normal - the other two criteria still apply.
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