Clinical haematology · UKMLA & AKT
Chronic myeloid leukaemia
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise chronic myeloid leukaemia — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- Philadelphia chromosome - t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation fusing BCR (chr 22) to ABL1 (chr 9) → constitutively active tyrosine kinase
- BCR-ABL1 kinase → unregulated myeloid proliferation + suppressed apoptosis → accumulation of granulocytes at all maturation stages
- Present in >95% of CML; also found in Ph+ ALL
- Only established environmental risk factor: ionising radiation; acquired somatic mutation (not inherited)
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