Clinical haematology · UKMLA & AKT
Chronic myeloid leukaemia
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- Philadelphia chromosome - t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation fusing BCR (chr 22) to ABL1 (chr 9) → constitutively active tyrosine kinase
- BCR-ABL1 kinase → unregulated myeloid proliferation + suppressed apoptosis → accumulation of granulocytes at all maturation stages
- Present in >95% of CML; also found in Ph+ ALL
- Only established environmental risk factor: ionising radiation; acquired somatic mutation (not inherited)
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