Infection · UKMLA & AKT
Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- HAP - pneumonia developing ≥48 hours after hospital admission, not incubating at time of admission
- VAP - subset of HAP occurring in mechanically ventilated patients; mortality 20-50%
- Aspiration pneumonia - occurs when oropharyngeal/gastric contents enter the bronchial tree; causes both chemical pneumonitis (from acidity) and bacterial infection
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