Infection · UKMLA & AKT
Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- HAP - pneumonia developing ≥48 hours after hospital admission, not incubating at time of admission
- VAP - subset of HAP occurring in mechanically ventilated patients; mortality 20-50%
- Aspiration pneumonia - occurs when oropharyngeal/gastric contents enter the bronchial tree; causes both chemical pneumonitis (from acidity) and bacterial infection
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