Endocrine & metabolic · UKMLA & AKT
Chronic complications of diabetes
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise chronic complications of diabetes — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- Microvascular - retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy (driven by duration + glycaemic control)
- Macrovascular - ischaemic heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease (driven by clustering of CVD risk factors)
- Unifying mechanism: chronic hyperglycaemia → endothelial dysfunction via polyol pathway, AGEs, PKC activation, oxidative stress → basement membrane thickening, ischaemia, accelerated atherosclerosis
Unlock the full Chronic complications of diabetes revision
Get the complete high-yield notes (3 more sections covering investigations, management and complications), 10 practice questions, mock exams and AI tutoring. Start free.