Endocrine & metabolic · UKMLA & AKT
Thyroid eye disease
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test, covering how to recognise this condition. The full SA Note notes add investigations, management and complications, with practice questions on this topic.
Key high-yield points
- TRAbs bind TSH receptors on orbital fibroblasts → glycosaminoglycan deposition + adipogenesis → extraocular muscle swelling + orbital fat expansion → raised intraorbital pressure → proptosis, lid retraction, optic nerve compression
- Occurs predominantly in Graves' disease; affects ~30% clinically
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