Endocrine & metabolic · UKMLA & AKT
Thyroid eye disease
A free high-yield preview for the UKMLA Applied Knowledge Test. Below are the key points to recognise thyroid eye disease — the full SA Note notes add investigations, management, complications and 10 practice questions.
Key high-yield points
- TRAbs bind TSH receptors on orbital fibroblasts → glycosaminoglycan deposition + adipogenesis → extraocular muscle swelling + orbital fat expansion → raised intraorbital pressure → proptosis, lid retraction, optic nerve compression
- Occurs predominantly in Graves' disease; affects ~30% clinically
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